Cylinder-head for explosive-engines.



E. ROUNDS. CYLINDER HEAD FOR BXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.14.1913.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

5 M, MM@

@v/memo APPLICATION FILED APR. 14,1913.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

`2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

iran orafii; earner onirica.

ERDE SOUNDS, OF OWENSBQRO, KENTUCKY, .ASSIGNOBOF ONE-HALF TO GNTHER-WBG-HT MGHINE COMPANY, OF OWENSBOBO, KENTUCKY. CORPORATION.

CYLINDEfHEAD FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

ASpecification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

Application led April 14, 1913. Serial No. 761,033.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Fenix RoUNDs, a citizenof the United States, residing -at Owensboro, in the county of Daviessand State of Kentucky, have invented lcertain new and usefulimprovements in Cylinder- Heads for Explosive-Engines,'of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in cylinder heads for explosiveengines, for either a single or multiple cylinder engine, comprising ahollow casing, and inlet and exhaust conduits ofunitary and integralconstruction.

An object of my invention is to provide a tcylinder of .an explosiveengine with a fuel conduit, an exhaust conduit, the valve seats orpockets integrally formed Within the head, with the conduits separatedfrom each other, and the exterior Walls of the head providing asurrounding conduit or jacket space for the-circulation of a coolingmedium. i

Another object of my -invention is to provide a cylinder head of anexplosive engine, having unitarily formed therewith a fuel conduit, andan exhaust conduit, each surrounded and separated from the exteriorwalls of the head by a jacket space. The conduits each have a terminalat one end of the cylinder head adjacently disposed.

Another object of my invention is to provide a cylinder head of anexplosive engine with a fuel conduit and an exhaust conduit unitarilyand integrally formed within the cylinder head, and an exhaust chamberat the terminal of the exhaust conduit surrounded by an air conduit orjacket space, with an overflow pipe centrally disposed in the exhaustchamber, and in communication with the jacket space of the cylinderhead.

The end or mouth of the overow pipe, at a point above the plane orliquid level within the jacket space of the head, for the escape of thecirculated cooling medium, creates a vacuum chamber and outlet beyondthe cylv inder head area to prevent any accumulation of air pocketsWithin the cylinder head. yihis insures a complete immersion of theheated parts of the cylinder head at any angle at which the engine maybe stationed Aor disposed, which is primarily advantageous when theengine is used for marine purposes. Y

Another object of my invention is to pro vide a cylinder for a multiplecylinder engine of unitary manifold form, Witha manifold fuel conduitand a manifold exhaust conduit integrally formed within the head. andeach conduit surrounded by a jacket space separating the Walls lof theconduits from each other and from the walls of the cylinder head, so asto enable the conduits to be substantially immersed or surrounded by acooling medium.

The structure as a Whole offers compactness, the elimination of numerousconnections from one head to a second, insulates the exhaust conduit,prevents direct contact with a heated conduit, to the injury ordiscomliture of thepperator, and also serves to mullie the noise of theescaping exhaust gases. i

' The features of my invention are more `fully set forth in thedescription of the acing a portion of the cylinder attached thereto.Fig. 3 is a section on line fv, fv, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on linew, fw, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a central horizontal section of a modilied formin which the valve ports are ar- '2is a section on line Fig. 1,illustratranged in a longitudinal plane instead .of l

transverse to the longitudinal plane of the head, as illustrated inFig. 1. In this lview. an exhaust head is shown attached to th`e exhaustconduit and a carburetor or vaporizer to the fuel conduit. Fig. 6 is asection on line a., a, Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a central vertical sectionthrough the exhaust head. Fig. S is a section on line b, b, Fig. 7.

The cylinder head herein shown is designed to be applicable to a type ofexplosive engine, shown and described in an application, filed by meMarch 13, 1911, Serial No. 614,146, wherein certain disclosurehereinvvas included in said application and is divisional therefrom. Theform of head, as shown in Fig. 1, also contains provisions for aspecific type of sparker mechanism included in said application butwhich is now contained ina separate application filed on even dateherewith. rEhe head can be arranged for the various types of sparker Thecylinder head comprises a unitary.

structure of integrally formed conduits and preferably interior of thecylinder head, which may be termed as of hollow form, to

L provide a surrounding jacket space around the conduits. The headlisremovably secured to the cylinder or .cylinders and .its water jacketcommunicates with the water jacket of the cylinders. This produces acompact structure, with the portions, which' becomes highly-heated,water jacketed to be surrounded Vby a cooling medium, and provision ismade to initially ldirect the incoming cool" Water toward and againstsuch parts or portions of the engine.

2 represents a fuel conduit or passage, having an inlet port 3,' at oneend of the cylinder head for adjacently securing a carbureterl orvaporizer. The conduit is extended longitudinally Within the cylinderhead, and preferably at one side thereof, communicating at thelowerportion thereof with the inlet ports 4, 4, and 4b of the se-y ries. eachleading into the top of a cylinder 5 of an engine. This conduit issubstantially completely surrounded by jacketspace 6, separating thewalls of ,the conduit from the walls of the cylinder head, and alsoseparatesv its walls from an adjacent conduit, and is integrally formedwith the walls' of the cylinder head, connecting therewith at suchpoints or portions wherein the conduit leads to openings, forestablishing communication beyond the walls ofthe cylin-v der head.

7 represents a second conduit extended longitudinallv adjacent to theconduitv 2, and of like formation, communicating with ports'8, 8a' and8b, at the base of the conduit,

which open into respective engine cylinder beneath. This conduit may b etermed exhaust conduit for the escape of ,the exploded gases. It isprovided with a port 9 at one end of the cylinder head to communicatewith an exhaust head attachedto such end of the cylinderhead. This endis practically square, so that the carbureter or vaporizer can beadjacently disposed to the exhaust head or exhaust conduit terminal, andthe radiated heat therefroinutilized to heatthe air admitted intothevaporizer or carbureter to increase itseiiiciency. Itis obvious,however, that ,the terminal or inlet of a' respective conduit may bevariously dis-l posed around the cylinder head, although ter strikes it,causes a position herein has advantages, be hereinafter more fully setthe specific which 'will forth. Y

The upper walls 10, 11 and 12 of the-cylinder head and conduits 2 and 7(see Fig. 2),l are provided with the vertical projected sleeves 13 castintegral with said'walls, each providing a bearing for a valve stem.These are formed concentrically over the respective valve ports 4, 4aand 4b and 8, 8a and 8h respectively, of the series. One end of eachsleeve terminates externally of the upper. Wall 10 of the cylinderhead1.

14 represents a sleeve formed integral with the cylinder head, providinga bore through the same intol and through which the sparker mechanismissecured and projected.` This, however, can be dispensed with and thesparking mechanism for each cylinder entered into the cylinder atvarious other points'or positions. The base 15 of the cylinder head isapertured coincidentally with apertures 16 formed in the cylindertootfer communication between the jacket space of the cylinder head andthe jacket space 17 surrounding the cylinder.

18 represents an inlet bore leading into the jacket space for admittingthe cooling medium into the cylinder head, circulating through thevvsame and into the jacket space of each cylinder. This is an advantagein has been drained,

the cylinder head, which is the hottest portion ofthegengine,.protecting the parts and preventing them from becominghighly heated, and entersinto the cylinder jacket from the upper portionthereof, protecting the cylinder head initially and before the jacketspace is filled, which is the Iirst to become heated, thereby preventingthe same from cracking, as is often the case Where the water enters atthe base of the cylinder. In such latter instance, some time is elapsedbefore the cold Water rises Within the cylin-V der .jacket space andreaches the cylinder head, which, during such interval has become highlyheated and when theV cold wasudden change. in temperature, which strainsthe casting,'caus in it to crack.

- n continuous operation, the coolest water is directed against thehottest part, permitting higher compression, and as thewater surroundingthe cylinders is Warm and the engine of uniform temperature throughout,expansion of the exploded gas is. aided instead of condensing it-'aswhere the cooling water enters the base of thecylinder. Y

19 represents sleeves cast integral with the head providing a borecompletely throu h the head, through which the bolts pass gir securingthe head number for each cylinder is optional, while to the cylinders.The:

not

in Fig. 1 of the drawings eight such sleeves are provided in the headfor each engine cylinder.

At the terminal of the exhaust conduit, an exhaust head is provided, seeFigs. 7 and 8. This comprises a cylinder 20, clamped to the terminal ofthehexhaust conduit and in communication therewith, through a port 21.The upper portion is provided with a 'jacket space or chamber 22communicating with the jacket space 6 of the cylinder head andpreferably' above the exhaust conduit.

23 represents ,an overflow pipe secured within the exhaust head,projecting downwardly into the exhaust chamber 24 of the exhaust headand upwardly into the jacket space or chamber 22 and extended t0 ahigher elevation than the highest water plane within the vjacket space 6of the cylinder head, the pipe functions as a discharge or overliowpipe, but which insures against draining the cylinder head below aconduit plane, keeping the same constantly immersed and surrounded bywater, which is advantageous in marine engines when the engine isdisposed at an angularplane, due to a rocking of the boat. The overflowpipe 23 discharges into the exhaust outlet of the engine, condensing andsilencin the exhaust in the marine engine, wherein the discharge of bothis usually directed into the water, but in stationary types of engine,the overflow pipe is directed to a water storage tank, while the exhaustgases are discharged to the atmosphere. ln this latter case, the tube 23is omitted and the water is taken out from the top of chamber 22.'

25 represents an air passage extended around the exhaust head and formedby casing walls 26, formed integral with the exhaust head andprovided-with a series of orifices 27 on one side, while the oppositeside is bored to receive a pipe 28, which is in connection with acarburetor or vaporizer, and forms the air supply passage therefor. Thisconstruction heats the air before admitting the same to the carbureteror vaporizer adding efficiency to the gaseous vapors of an explosivecharge. i

In Figs. 5 and 6, illustrating a modified forni of cylinder head,substantially the same principles and advantages are contained. asheretofore disclosed, differing only in the relative disposition of thevalve ports. which are extended in a plane longitudinal of the cylinderhead, instead of transverse thereto, and, therefore, the same referencecharacters have been applied to the partsl as designated for similarparts in the construction. illustrated in Figs' l and 2.

Having described my invention, l claim l. in an explosive engine. acylinder head for a multiple cylinder engine. a manifold fuel conduitformedl integral within 'said head, a manifold exhaust conduit formedintegral within said head, each conduit surrounded by a jacket spaceseparating the walls of the conduit from the walls of the cylinder head,and each conduit having a terminal at one end of the cylinder head.

2. In an explosive engine, a cylinder head for a multiple cylinderengine, a manifold fuel conduit formed integral within said head, amanifold exhaust conduit formed integral within said head, each conduitsurrounded by a jacket space separating the walls of the conduit fromthe walls of the cylinder head, each conduit having a terminal at oneend of the cylinder head, an exhaust head of double-wall formation,providing an intermediate exhaust chamber in communicationwith theexhaust conduit of the cylinder head, said chamber being surrounded byan air conduit open at one point to the atmosphere, a second chamberformed within said exhaust head in communication with the jacket spaceof the cylinder head` and an overflow pipe extended from said exhaustchamber into said second chamber.

3. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing adapted to be removably secured to an engine cylinder, integrallyand unitarily combining therewith a fuel conduit and an exhaust conduitwithin the hollow casing in spaced parallelism, each surrounded by ajacket space with the ends of the conduits connecting with a wall of thecasing providing passages through the head.

4. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing approximately rectangular in form unitarily combining therewithindependent fuel and exhaust conduits in adjacent spaced parallelismwithin'the hollow casing.

5. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing,'uni tarily combining therewith independent fuel and exhaustconduits in adjacent spaced parallelism within the hollow casing, eachconduit separated beyond its ends from the walls of the casing t providea surrounding jacket space.

6. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing in` tegrally combining therewith a fuel conduit andan exhaustconduit adjacently parallel within the casing having their wallsseparatedfrom each other and from the walls of the dcasing, providingpassages'through the 7. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosedcomprising a. hollow casing unitarily combining therewith a fuel conduitand an exhaust conduit within the casing having the walls separated fromeach other and from the walls of the casing, to provide a surroundingjacket space, each .conduit the casing communicating -having one of itsends integrally united with the same end of the casing, and its opposingends integrally united with the base wall of the casing to providepassages through the casing.

8. An engine cylinder head ofthe nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing, unitarily combining independent fuel and exhaust conduits withinthe casing and separated from each other and the walls of the casing,said casing having a plane base wall aperturedv for communicationbetween the interior of the casing and the jacket space of an enginecylinder to which the casing is secured.

9. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising .ahollow'casing integrally combining therewith a manifold fuel conduit anda manifold exhaust conduit longitudinally adjacently parallel within thecasing, with the wall of the conduits surrounded by a jacket space, eachconduit providing a common passage through with all of the cylindersconnected with the casing.

l0. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing integrally combining therewith a manifold fuel conduit and amanifold exhaust conduit longitudinally` adjacent in spaced parallelismwithin the casing, with the walls of the 'zconduits surrounded by ajacket space, each onduit providing a common passage through the casingcommunicating with all of the cylinders connectedV with the casing, andthe base wall of said casing apertured for communication between theinterior of the casing and the jacket spaces of the engine cylinders towhich the casing is secured.

11. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing unitarily combining therewith manifold fuel Avide a surroundingjacket space and manifold exhaust conduits in adjacent spacedparallelism within the casin to preor each conduit, and with a terminalof each conduit at the same end of the casing. y

12. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowcasing unitarily combining therewith a fuel conduit and an exhaustconduit both within the casing to provide a conduit surrounding jacketspace, and each conduit having a terminal at the same end of the casing,a member xed -to said casing divided into'three chambers, one an exhaustchamber in communication with the exhaust conduit. the secondcommunicating with the interior of the casing and said exhaust chamber,and the third affected by radiating heat of the exhaust gases within thefirst chamber, openy to the atmosphere at one portion thereof, and tioncommunicating with the fuel conduit within the casing.

13. An engine cylinder head of the nature disclosed comprising a hollowvcasing unitarily combining therewith a fuel conduit and anexhaustconduit Within the casing, a member divided into three chambers, one anexhaust chamber communicating with the casing exhaust conduit, a secondchamber surrounding said exhaust chamber open td the atmosphere at onepoint and at an opposing point communicating with the casing fuelconduit, and a third chamber communieating with the interior of saidcasing, and

with said exhaust chamber at an elevation-Y above the interior of saidcasing.

at an opposing por-- In testimonv whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

ERDIX ROUNDS. Witnesses:

E. W. PEGRAM,

J Essa GABBERT.

